Economy in Brief: September 2024

Standard and Poor’s composite PMI readings for August improved globally in 19 of 25 reporting countries. This widespread improvement showed far better improvement in breadth than what has been registered by manufacturing sectors among countries that report those data.

The August result was far better than July when only 10 of 25 reporting countries improved month-to-month. Similarly, June was a weak month with only seven composite PMIs improving month-to-month.

Despite the strong improvement in August, the three-month average finds improvement compared to six-months ago in only 7 reporting units. However, the sequential averages also have a stronger history as the six-month average shows that only 6 reporting units were weaker compared to 12-month averages. The three-month comparison is to a six-month period that saw broad gains. Even so, the 12-month comparison to 12-months ago shows improvement in only 12 of the reporting units, approximately half of them.

Over 12 months, most large/developed economies performed worse including the United States, the European Monetary Union, specifically, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain, as well as Japan. China worsened as well. The United Kingdom was an exception, improving over 12 months compared to 12-months ago.

The unweighted average PMI readings for a group, consisting of the U.S., the U.K., and the European Monetary Union, shows steady improvement from June, to July, to August. Despite uneven sequential results the unweighted average PMIs also have improved from their 12-month averages to their six-month average, to their three-month average.

The BRIC countries excluding Russia (BIC) show steady monthly improvements and show consistent, strong readings above or just below the 55 mark for over three months, six months, and 12 months.

The overall averages of the PMI readings show a tendency to increase but not a clear sequential move in that direction. The overall median readings show the same general reading and trend.

On a composite PMI basis, the number of areas with readings below 50, indicating overall economic contraction, have been reduced to four in August. They total 4 over three months and six months compared to 6 over 12 months. Few economies are showing overall contraction on this measure. While there were as many as eight contracting in July and in June, generally over three and six months the number showing contraction has been small.

The far-right hand column gives the queue percentile standings which place the August readings in an ordered queue of standings in the last 4 ½ years of data. These readings show 12 reporters with current standings below the 50% mark. A reading below 50 would put them below their median over this span. The average reading for the entire group is for a queue standing at 51.8% while the median is at 51.0%. Over this period the 12 readings that are below 50% are simply below their respective medians reading; they do not indicate contraction because these are rankings based on queue standings rather than diffusion data as in the first six columns of data in the table.