**EMERGEPR** → **Pakistan** → Cyclical Indicators and Surveys → Climate Policy Uncertainty Index

Climate policy uncertainty indexes for Pakistan were added to **EMERGEPR**. These indexes measure levels of uncertainty related to climate policies, regulations, and government actions that affect households, firms, investors, and the economy. They are derived by obtaining counts of articles from sets of newspapers that contain specific keywords. Monthly data are sourced from PolicyUncertainty.com. The 2- and 4-newspaper indexes start in August 2010 and January 2015, respectively.

Chart: Climate policy uncertainty in Pakistan has risen markedly since 2020 and reached record levels in April 2026. On a 3-month moving average basis, the 2-newspaper index rocketed to 498 in April, up from 442 in March. From 2010 to 2020, the index fluctuated around lower, trendless levels. The index first crossed 200 in August 2023, 300 in June 2025 and has been above that level since. Sustained climate policy uncertainty could undermine Pakistan’s already modest growth and weigh on investment and planning in climate-exposed sectors such as agriculture, energy and infrastructure.

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**INTWKLY** → Asia and Australasia → **South Korea** → Online Payments

Online payment statistics for South Korea were added to **INTWKLY**. Volume and value percent changes relative to January 2020, previous week, 4 weeks prior, and 52 weeks prior are available by sex and age group. Weekly data are sourced from Statistics Korea and start in January 2020.

Chart: Online payment volumes in Korea have roughly doubled since January 2020, but the gains are unevenly spread across age groups. For those aged 70+, it is running 470% above its January 2020 level in Q3 2026. For those in their 60s the figure is about 300%, and for those in their 50s about 200%. The 40s and 30s have grown more modestly and for 20 and younger, it is only about 14% - the weakest of any cohort. Young Koreans were likely already digital-first in 2020, so adoption gains accrued to cohorts that started from a lower base. The gains for older Koreans are also large enough that they may reflect rising digital adoption in an ageing population.

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**WDI** → Cross Country Database of Fiscal Space

World Bank fiscal space statistics were added to **WDI**. Broadly defined, fiscal space is the availability of budgetary resources for a government to service its financial obligations. This data set covers 204 countries and includes 29 indicators of fiscal space grouped into 4 categories: government debt sustainability, balance sheet composition, external and private sector debt, and market access. Annual data start in 1990.

Chart: Japan has one of the highest debt ratios at 207% of GDP in 2025. Egypt’s debt ratio comes in at 87%. On the cost of that debt, the picture changes. Egypt’s implied interest bill of 9.8% of GDP is the highest of all, while Japan’s 0.2% is one of the lowest. Egypt pays roughly 49 times more interest on less than half the debt ratio. While Japan holds a much larger absolute mountain of debt, it benefits from rock-bottom historical interest rates and immense local wealth, allowing it to navigate its obligations with far less fiscal distress than Egypt.

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- Climate policy uncertainty indexes for Pakistan were added to **EMERGEPR**.
- Online payment statistics for South Korea were added to **INTWKLY**.
- World Bank fiscal space statistics were added to **WDI**.

Featured Data Additions, November 3, 2026

**EMERGEPR** → **Fiji** → Public Finance and Debt → Government Gross Financing

Government gross financing statistics for Fiji were added to the **EMERGEPR** database. The table includes a breakout by local and foreign financing with some detail for each. These data reported in millions of Fijian dollars are sourced from the Reserve Bank of Fiji. Annual data start in 1992 while monthly data start in January 2025.

Chart: Fiji’s government gross financing reached FJD 873 million in Jan–Aug 2026, up from FJD 358 million a year earlier and already above the FJD 802 million raised in all of 2025. The composition has shifted. Government financing was almost entirely local in 2025, with foreign sources supplying only about FJD 30 million (under 4%) for the whole year. Foreign financing has been FJD 394 million so far in 2026, or 45% of the total – concentrated in June and July. This coincides with the approval of World Bank and AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank) budget-support operations.

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**CANADA** → Financial → OSFI Leverage Requirements Return

The Leverage Requirements Return (LRR) statistics were added to **CANADA**. The LRR is a regulatory filing that Canadian deposit-taking institutions submit reporting leverage ratios along with the details of how it was calculated. Exposures and Tier 1 capital measures for all banks, domestic banks and foreign bank subsidiaries are available. Quarterly data are sourced from the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions and start in Q1 2018.

Chart: Canadian banks’ balance sheets have grown by 80% since 2018, with exposures rising from 5.8 trillion CAD to 10.4 trillion CAD. Tier 1 capital has kept pace, leaving the system-wide leverage ratio at 4.4%, almost unchanged from 2018. However, the path has not been smooth. The ratio climbed to nearly 5% by late 2021, then stepped down in 2022 and again in 2023. Looking at the detail, domestic banks account for virtually all of the system (99.6%), so their ratio mirrors the aggregate. Foreign bank subsidiaries have a leverage ratio near 12%, but hold less than half a percent of exposures.

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**INTDAILY/INTWKLY** → Asia and Australasia → **Australia** → Insolvency Statistics

Insolvency statistics for Australia were added to the **INTDAILY** and **INTWKLY** databases. Series 1 and series 2 data by appointment type are available on this table. Simply put, series 1 differs from series 2 in the way insolvencies are counted, where series 2 may include some double-counting. Daily data are sourced from the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and start in July 2021.

Chart: Australian insolvency appointments have stopped climbing but remain historically elevated. Over the past year, appointments are basically flat. The latest data are distorted by a single event – the collapse of Bathla Group. On August 25, 587 voluntary administrations (VA) were recorded, lifting August to a record 1,808 appointments. Bathla Group entered VA with debts reported at A$3.4 billion across 542 individual companies, one of the largest construction insolvencies in Australian history. This collapse will have national implications for some time to come, affecting subcontractors, trade creditors, private credit lenders, and off-the-plan buyers across Australia.

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- Government gross financing statistics for Fiji were added to the **EMERGEPR** database.
- The Leverage Requirements Return (LRR) statistics were added to **CANADA**.
- Insolvency statistics for Australia were added to the **INTDAILY** and **INTWKLY** databases.

Featured Data Additions, October 27, 2026

**ENERGY** → Petroleum → Petroleum Product Prices → **Chile** → Reference and Parity Fuel Prices

Fuel pricing statistics for Chile were added to the **ENERGY** and **INTWKLY** databases. Parity prices, plus high, intermediate and low reference prices for gasoline, diesel, kerosene and LPG are available on the table. Weekly prices per cubic meter are sourced from the Comision Nacional de Energia and start as early as January 1991, but most start in July 2012.

Chart: Chile’s diesel parity price has been running above the reference band for 12 consecutive weeks. Parity first breached the upper reference price in late July and has since climbed roughly 54% from its mid-July low to about 1.29 million CLP/CM in mid-October. The upper band has been adjusted higher over the same period, but only by about 29%, so the gap has widened from roughly 7% in early August to nearly 20% today. Parity remains far from the band, implying that Chile’s stabilization mechanism is absorbing a sizeable and growing share of the diesel price increase.

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**TRANSPRT** → Air Traffic and Other Airline and Airport Statistics → Air Traffic by Country by Airport → **France** → Nice Côte d’Azur Airport

Nice Cote D’Azur Airport statistics were added to the **TRANSPRT** database. Concepts include passenger traffic, aircraft movements and cargo volume. Annual data are sourced from Aeroport Nice Cote D’Azur and start in 2014.

Chart: The pandemic hit Nice Côte d’Azur Airport harder than aircraft movements suggested. Movements fell 58% in 2020, compared with a 68% fall in passenger traffic. Fast forward 6 years, the airport has more than recovered its pre-pandemic passenger base even though it handles fewer flights. Passengers reached 15.2 million in 2025, 5.1% above 2019, while aircraft movements remained 2.7% below the 2019 peak. That works out to roughly 88 passengers per movement, up from about 82 in 2019, a sign of larger aircraft and/or higher load factors.

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**CANADA/CANADAR** → Demographics → Census Families by Family Type (Table 17-10-0061)

The number of census families for Canada was added to the **CANADA** and **CANADAR** databases. These series are the official family counts based on the census statistics versus other sources of Canadian family counts such as tax filings. Detail is available for one-parent and couple families. Annual data are sourced from Statistics Canada and start in 2006.

Chart: Roughly one in six Canadian families is headed by a single parent, a share that has barely changed in two decades. The one-parent share rose from 16.2% in 2006 to a peak of 17.1% in 2021, then eased to 16.8% in 2025. The recent decline reflects faster growth in couple families, which rose 8.0% between 2021 and 2025 against 5.3% for one-parent families. The timing coincides with the post-pandemic surge in immigration, which tends to add couples and larger family units. In absolute terms, one-parent families still number nearly 1.9 million, up about 400,000 since 2006.

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- Fuel pricing statistics for Chile were added to the **ENERGY** and **INTWKLY** databases.
- Nice Cote D’Azur Airport statistics were added to the **TRANSPRT** database. 
- The number of census families for Canada was added to the **CANADA** and **CANADAR** databases.

Featured Data Additions, October 21, 2026

**USECON/REGIONAL** → Employment and Earnings → Revelio Labs Public Labor Statistics (RPLS)

The RPLS were added for the US to **USECON** and by state in **REGIONAL**. Revelio Labs is a workforce research and data company that draws on a proprietary dataset of over 100 million professional profiles on networking platforms, capturing roughly 2/3 of all employed individuals in the US, to produce granular insights into employment, hirings, separations and wages. Monthly data are released the day before the BLS Employment Situation report and start in January 2021.

Chart: When we compare Revelio’s estimated m/m employment changes to the BLS’s establishment survey estimated employment changes, we find that Revelio’s estimates capture the same broad trends with a strong correlation of 0.82. The correlation between the BLS establishment and household surveys is relatively modest at 0.31, reflecting their differences in methodology and coverage. Revelio’s correlation with the household survey is similarly modest at 0.29, indicating the much closer alignment with the payroll-based employment measures.

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**TRANSPRT** → Port Statistics by Country → **South Korea** → Trade by Port

Port statistics for South Korea were added to the **TRANSPRT** database. Nearly all trade in South Korea moves by sea, as it is effectively an island economy since North Korea closes off all land routes. Exports and imports in USD and in metric tons were added for 44 ports around the country. Monthly data sourced from the Korea International Trade Association start as early as January 1988.

Chart: Busan is Korea’s oldest, largest and one of the busiest container ports in the world. By the 1990s, container volumes and ship sizes were outgrowing its terminals. Korea needed more modern, larger-scale capacity if it was to reach its goal of becoming a NE Asian transshipment hub. Busan New Port was developed with its deep water, large modern terminals and better road and rail connections. Some capacity did move from the old to the new port, but the net effect was increased capacity of roughly 15-20% in value terms. Approximately 30 billion USD worth of goods currently flow in and out of the Busan Port complex on a monthly basis.

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**GLSECTOR** → Selected Indicators by Country → **Argentina** → Iron and Crude Steel Production

Iron and steel production statistics for Argentina were added to the **GLSECTOR** database. Series reported in MT are available for primary iron production including pig and sponge iron, crude steel production and hot and cold rolled steel production including detail for flat and non-flat products. Monthly data are sourced from Acero Argentina and start in January 2016.

Chart: In 2024, the Argentinian economy contracted 1.3% as Millei’s stabilization program was taking hold. The steel industry was hit badly and y/y production decreased across the board. The industry has a scale and cost disadvantage against Brazil and China, is highly concentrated, and has a heavy dependence on the macro cycle. Under current policies, protection from imports is lower, the currency is stronger, and domestic demand is anemic. Energy-linked demand is one of the only drivers, which favors hot rolled flat products. This category has shown the most recovery since the 2024 downturn.

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- The RPLS were added for the US to **USECON** and by state in **REGIONAL**.
- Port statistics for South Korea were added to the **TRANSPRT** database.
- Iron and steel production statistics for Argentina were added to the **GLSECTOR** database.

Featured Data Additions, October 14, 2026

**EMERGELA** → **Argentina** → Housing and Construction → Construya Construction Index

The Construya construction activity index for Argentina was added to **EMERGELA**. Construya is an industry association of Argentina's major building materials manufacturers. The index tracks the volume of construction products manufactured by member companies, sold to the private sector. It is widely cited by Argentine media and economists as a timely gauge of private construction demand. The monthly index is sourced from Grupo Costruya and starts in January 2017.

Chart: Construction activity in Argentina showed signs of slowing again in August. According to the Construya Index, sales of supplies to the private sector registered a SA monthly drop of 3.5% and falling 5.3% y/y – the third consecutive m/m and y/y declines. The organization projects a slight recovery in demand in the near future driven by the continued normalization of macroeconomic conditions and a greater impact of mortgage lending on the real estate market resulting from recent structural changes in bank lending and the introduction of new mortgage products.

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**TOURISM** → Countries & Special Areas → **New Zealand** → Tourists Arrivals by Country & Length of Stay

Short-term visitor arrival detail for New Zealand was added to the **TOURISM** database. A median length of stay series are available in addition to the number of visitors by five specific durations. These data are available for ten selected Asian countries. Monthly data are sourced from Stats NZ and start in July 2013.

Chart: In March 2020, New Zealand closed its border to nearly all non-citizens. Tourists who were already in the country ended up staying much longer for several reasons. Returning flights were scarce and expensive, NZ extended visas automatically and its COVID strategy felt safer than back home. By 2023, duration of stay figures were back to pre-pandemic levels except for India. During this time, people of Indian descent became the fastest-growing ethnic group in the country. A larger, recently arrived community means more relatives visiting, and those long visits pushed up the average length of stay.

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**CMDTY** → Commodity Indexes → IDEX Diamond Index

The IDEX diamond index and underlying drivers were added to the **CMDTY** database. This index is a benchmark that tracks global natural polished diamond prices. The index is composed of 15 drivers - the leading diamond categories by specific combinations of cut, carat, color and clarity - which together account for roughly 45% of the polished diamond trade. Daily data are sourced from the International Diamond Exchange and start in July 2004.

Chart: The price of natural diamonds has seen a sharp decline in the past 4.5 years, as it has nearly halved since its March 2022 highs. The index stood at 158.4 on March 7, 2022, and has since fallen 48% to 81.8 as of October 6, 2026. The rise in popularity of lab-grown diamonds is driving the price dip brought on by advancements in synthetic diamond production technology, rising demand for ethical jewelry, growth of luxury retail, increased awareness of the environmental impact of natural diamonds, plus the simple fact that lab-grown stones are significantly cheaper per carat than mined equivalents.

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- The Construya construction activity index for Argentina was added to **EMERGELA**.
- Short-term visitor arrival detail for New Zealand was added to the **TOURISM** database.
- The IDEX diamond index and underlying drivers were added to the **CMDTY** database.

Featured Data Additions, October 7, 2026

**ENERGY** → Country-Sourced Statistics → **Bhutan** → Production, Exports and Sales of Major Hydropower Projects

Electricity supply statistics for Bhutan were added to the **ENERGY** database. Production, exports and domestic sales of hydropower by nine major hydropower plants are present on this table. In addition, quantity and costs of total electricity and solar power are available on a separate table. Monthly series reported in kWh and BTN are sourced from the Royal Monetary Authority and start as early as January 2010.

Chart: YTD domestic hydropower sales in June 2026 totaled 9.4 billion BTN compared to 1.7 billion BTN just 5 years prior. This reflects Bhutan’s expanding energy demand, driven by economic development, industrialization and greater household consumption. Its growing dependence on hydropower makes its energy production susceptible to seasonal variations in water flow, causing reduced capacity during lean seasons. Bhutan became a net importer of electricity in 2022 which highlights the difficulty in meeting peak winter demand and the need for more reliable or diversified energy sources to avoid shortages.

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**EMERGELA** → **Argentina** → Public Finance and Debt → Tax, Social Security, and Customs Revenue

Tax, social security and customs revenue statistics for Argentina were added to the **EMERGELA** database. This table includes almost fifty line items of government revenue sources. Monthly data reported in Argentine pesos are sourced from Agencia de Recaudacíon y Control Aduanero and start as early as January 2003.

Chart: The PAIS tax was originally created in December 2019 under a 5-year mandate meant to curb capital flight amid chronic dollar scarcity. Milei initially raised it out of pure fiscal necessity, as it was one of the fastest levers available to raise cash while a broader stabilization plan was being implemented. PAIS became a major revenue source during this transitional period. In June 2024, it generated a record 780 billion pesos and over 2024 it collected 6.27 trillion pesos. PAIS expired in early 2025 and was not renewed, making it the most consequential individual tax change of the past few years in Argentina.

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**EIURSKF** → Central Bank Diffusion Index

Monetary policy diffusion indexes were added to **EIURSKF**. These data track the direction and intensity of monetary policy shifts across 43 geographic and thematic aggregates. (+) values signal net monetary tightening, whereas (-) values signal net easing. They can be used to monitor synchronization in monetary policy, compare policy stances across regions, and evaluate cross-border investment and risk assessments. Monthly, quarterly and annual data are sourced from the EIU and start in 2010. Quarterly forecasts currently extend through the end of 2027 – annual forecasts through 2030.

Chart: There is a high degree of correlation between the EIU diffusion index for North America and the actual changes in the US FFR. The indexes are weighted by size of each country’s economy, so this correlation makes sense. For 2027, the EIU diffusion index is signaling policy rate tightening to continue into Q1 with all easing occurring in Q2, however, this can change as the EIU data is updated on a weekly basis. The current BCFF is projecting no additional tightening in 2027 with some easing in Q2 and Q4.

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- Electricity supply statistics for Bhutan were added to the **ENERGY** database.
- Tax, social security and customs revenue statistics for Argentina were added to the **EMERGELA** database.
- Monetary policy diffusion indexes were added to **EIURSKF**.

Featured Data Additions, September 23, 2026

**ENERGY** → Petroleum → Petroleum Product Prices Including Pump Prices → **Myanmar**

Fuel prices for Myanmar were added to the **ENERGY** database. Prices for 92 and 95 octane gasoline, diesel and premium diesel are available reported in kyat per liter for twenty cities across the country. Daily data are sourced from the Department of Consumer Affairs and start in August 2022.

Chart: Myanmar’s capital city experienced a massive fuel price surge in March 2026, with diesel prices increasing by 109% over the course of the month, while 95 octane gasoline rose by 97%. This was triggered by the Middle East conflict which disrupted global supplies and shipping routes Myanmar depends on. Ninety-five percent of fuel demand is met through imports, which means the country has almost no buffer against global shocks. Fuel prices have decreased since April peaks, but we have been seeing an upturn once again since late July.

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**EMERGELA** → **Argentina** → Financial → Mortgage and Property Deeds

Property sale and mortgage deeds statistics for the city of Buenos Aires were added to **EMERGELA**. The table includes the number of deeds and associated values reported in millions of ARS for each. Monthly data are sourced from Instituto de Estadística y Censos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires and start in January 2002.

Chart: Mortgage credit currently finances only 20% of real estate transactions in Buenos Aires – it was even lower prior to 2024. This is a sharp contrast to markets like in the US where 75% of property purchases are financed with a mortgage. Argentina's history of banking crises, currency devaluations, and deposit freezes created this cash-dominated market. The increase in mortgages after 2023 resulted from a combination of Milei's economic stabilization policies, structural changes in bank lending, inflation control, and new mortgage products designed to hedge against Argentina's persistent volatility.

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**EMERGEPR** → **South Korea** → Employment and Earnings → Labor Underutilization Indicators

Labor underutilization indicators for South Korea were added to **EMERGEPR**. Adjusted and unadjusted series for time-related underemployment, potential labor force, extended labor force, unavailable jobseekers and available potential jobseekers are available in addition to labor underutilization indicators calculated from these metrics. Monthly data are sourced from the Ministry of Data and Statistics and start in January 2015.

Chart: South Korea's official unemployment rate has hovered around 2.8% since 2022. However, the LU3 (the broadest LU measure) runs three times higher – and currently sits at 8.4%. Youth is where the stress is concentrated, and it is diverging from the rest of the labor market. Youth employment has been on the decline since mid-2022 and is down 188,000 YoY to 3.39 million in July. The youth unemployment rate jumped from 5.6% to 6.9% YoY - a 1.3 ppt rise, the sharpest increase since May 2023. It has become enough of a political issue that the government recently unveiled a massive 43.3 trillion won youth employment policy package for 2027.

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- Fuel prices for Myanmar were added to the **ENERGY** database.
- Property sale and mortgage deeds statistics for the city of Buenos Aires were added to **EMERGELA**.
- Labor underutilization indicators for South Korea were added to **EMERGEPR**. 

Featured Data Additions, September 18, 2026

**CANADAR** → Other Statistics → Number of Enterprises by Age of Owner and Revenue Threshold

Number of enterprises by age of owner and revenue threshold for Canada were added to **CANADA** and **CANADAR**. Employer and nonemployer enterprises by revenue thresholds of less than and greater than $30,000 and by age ranges of the enterprise owners are available for Canada and its 13 provinces and territories. Annual data are sourced from Statistics Canada and start in 2019.

Chart: The highest percentage of enterprise owners in Canada are between the ages of 50 and 64, with the second highest percentage between ages 40 and 49. The 40 and above age categories represent 76.4% of all enterprise owners. A recent Canadian Federation of Independent Business report stated that 76% of business owners plan to exit their business within the next decade. The fundamental challenge for Canada is a generational mismatch: a large cohort of aging business owners exiting, combined with declining entrepreneurial entry by younger Canadians.

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**TRANSPRT** → Passenger Statistics → Comunidad de **Madrid** Public Transport Ridership

Public transportation ridership data for Madrid was added to the **TRANSPRT** database. These data cover the four major transit modes operating across Madrid — the Metro, the public city bus, interurban bus and commuter rail - along with an aggregate for total ridership. Daily data are sourced from Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid and start as early as January 2010.

Chart: Madrid achieved an all-time record in 2025 with over 1.75 billion passengers across its entire public transport system, representing a 3.75% increase over 2024 – and the momentum continues into 2026 where the YTD figures are currently higher than in 2025. The Metro is the clear workhorse with 45.3% of all trips in the region being made on the Madrid underground. Metro ridership grew 3% to reach 736.9 million passengers in 2025. The overall ridership story in Madrid is one of strong urban mobility expansion, particularly centered on its Metro system.

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**ENERGY** → Petroleum → Petroleum Product Prices Including Pump Prices → **Latvia**

Retail fuel prices for Latvia were added to the **ENERGY** database. Series reported in EUR per liter are available for 95 and 98 octane petrol, diesel and autogas which is LPG primarily used as an alternative fuel for vehicles. Monthly data are sourced from the Central Statistics Bureau and start in January 2005.

Chart: Fuel prices in Latvia hit historic lows in May 2020, reflecting the global economic shock from the pandemic and collapsed oil demand. Prices then surged dramatically, with the peak reaching 2.117 EUR/liter for petrol 98 in mid-2022 driven by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. This was a watershed moment that permanently shifted prices to a higher baseline. Prices again spiked in May 2026 caused by the geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. Latvia is especially exposed to these global supply disruptions since it has no domestic production of crude oil or petroleum products.

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- Number of enterprises by age of owner and revenue threshold for Canada were added to **CANADA** and **CANADAR**. 
- Public transportation ridership data for Madrid was added to the **TRANSPRT** database.
- Retail fuel prices for Latvia were added to the **ENERGY** database.

Featured Data Additions, September 2, 2026

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