The persistently stronger growth of the U.S. economy relative to most other advanced nations has been the driving factor that has resulted in a stronger stock market with higher valuations, higher interest rates and a strong US dollar. A handful of charts highlight the sizable differences in economic and financial market performance across nations. Nothing is permanent, and things—particularly shifts in economic policies--can initiate sizable changes in trends. As we assess shifts in economic policies and central bank monetary policies, it’s important to keep in mind the economic fundamentals that drive financial markets.
Real growth comparisons. Chart 1 shows the cumulative percent change in real GDP since 2000 in the U.S., UK, Europe and Japan. In general, the faster growth in the U.S. reflects a combination of healthier gains in labor force and productivity. Real GDP growth in the UK matched the U.S.’s pace from 2000-2008, while Europe nearly kept pace, benefiting from the boom in global trade fueled by the China super-cycle. While the decade following the Great Financial Crisis was lackluster in the U.S., it was markedly slower elsewhere, particularly in Europe, which was hampered with ongoing financial crises during 2010-2014.
Chart 2 shows the same data but indexes real GDP to 2019Q4, which highlights the U.S.’s continued healthy growth following the pandemic-related contraction in the first half of 2020, while growth in Japan, the UK and Europe has been particularly weak. The persistent outperformance of the U.S. economy is sizable.


